Electricity is the backbone of our economy and our everyday lives. Production of energy is therefore very important to maintaining our style of life. Electricity is currently made mainly by the burning of fossil fuels (coal), nuclear fission, and with energy derived from water and wind.
Most forms of power plants produce electricity by turning turbines, which turn magnets to induce electrical currents in wire. There are various ways of making electricity:
Burning fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas and petrol. They can be burned to boil water in large furnaces or along heating pipes, and the heated water vapor can be used to drive large turbines. The products of burning are generally very hazardous to the environment. These fuels are also not renewable because they took millions of years to be created in the first place, so we shouldn't be depending on them for much longer - or they will run out.
Moving water. Hydroelectric dams are set up to channel water down into turbines so the falling energy of the water can drive them. Dams can also control and restrict the movement of water bodies which can be beneficial. The only problem is that local ecosystems may be affected.
Over ninety percent of all the alternative energy in the world is hydroelectric.
Wind power. Wind turbines can use propeller-like blades to directly turn a motor which will generate electricity. These wind generators may have to be high up in the air to gather enough wind in some places, but they are very environmentally sound.
Nuclear fission. There is a lot of energy in matter, and some unstable elements, like uranium or plutonium isotopes, can be used to generate a nuclear reaction which is then used to heat water, create vapor and turn turbines.
Solar power. Using the energy of the sun does not require that a turbine be turned. Light energy is converted to electrical energy when a high energy photon transfers its energy to an electron.
Most forms of power plants produce electricity by turning turbines, which turn magnets to induce electrical currents in wire. There are various ways of making electricity:
Burning fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas and petrol. They can be burned to boil water in large furnaces or along heating pipes, and the heated water vapor can be used to drive large turbines. The products of burning are generally very hazardous to the environment. These fuels are also not renewable because they took millions of years to be created in the first place, so we shouldn't be depending on them for much longer - or they will run out.
Moving water. Hydroelectric dams are set up to channel water down into turbines so the falling energy of the water can drive them. Dams can also control and restrict the movement of water bodies which can be beneficial. The only problem is that local ecosystems may be affected.
Over ninety percent of all the alternative energy in the world is hydroelectric.
Wind power. Wind turbines can use propeller-like blades to directly turn a motor which will generate electricity. These wind generators may have to be high up in the air to gather enough wind in some places, but they are very environmentally sound.
Nuclear fission. There is a lot of energy in matter, and some unstable elements, like uranium or plutonium isotopes, can be used to generate a nuclear reaction which is then used to heat water, create vapor and turn turbines.
Solar power. Using the energy of the sun does not require that a turbine be turned. Light energy is converted to electrical energy when a high energy photon transfers its energy to an electron.
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